In 1921, an investigation by Philip Graves of The Times of London proved conclusively that the Protocols was a plagiarism. Large portions of the text were lifted directly from a 1864 political satire titled Dialogue in Hell Between Machiavelli and Montesquieu , written by Maurice Joly. Joly’s original work was a critique of Napoleon III and had nothing to do with Jewish people. The Russian secret police (Okhrana) adapted Joly’s arguments, substituting "the Jews" for Napoleon III to create a scapegoat for Russia's internal political unrest. Global Spread and the Holocaust
The Protocols of the Elders of Zion (Serbo-Croatian: Protokoli sionskih mudraca protokoli sionskih mudraca pdf
These sources provide a more in-depth look at the history and context of the Protocols, as well as the impact they have had on Jewish communities and society as a whole. In 1921, an investigation by Philip Graves of